Ask a question. Quick access. Search related threads. Remove From My Forums. Answered by:. Archived Forums. Setup Deployment. However, a renamed Administrator account continues to use the same automatically assigned security identifier SID , which can be discovered by malicious users.
For more information about how to rename or disable a user account, see Disable or activate a local user account and Rename a local user account. As a security best practice, use your local non-Administrator account to sign in and then use Run as administrator to accomplish tasks that require a higher level of rights than a standard user account. Do not use the Administrator account to sign in to your computer unless it is entirely necessary.
For more information, see Using Run as. In comparison, on the Windows client operating system, a user with a local user account that has Administrator rights is considered the system administrator of the client computer.
The first local user account that is created during installation is placed in the local Administrators group. However, when multiple users run as local administrators, the IT staff has no control over these users or their client computers. In this case, Group Policy can be used to enable secure settings that can control the use of the local Administrators group automatically on every server or client computer.
Blank passwords are not allowed in the versions designated in the Applies To list at the beginning of this topic. Even when the Administrator account has been disabled, it can still be used to gain access to a computer by using safe mode. In the Recovery Console or in safe mode, the Administrator account is automatically enabled. When normal operations are resumed, it is disabled. The Guest account lets occasional or one-time users, who do not have an account on the computer, temporarily sign in to the local server or client computer with limited user rights.
By default, the Guest account has a blank password. Because the Guest account can provide anonymous access, it is a security risk. For this reason, it is a best practice to leave the Guest account disabled, unless its use is entirely necessary. By default, the Guest account is the only member of the default Guests group, which lets a user sign in to a server. On occasion, an administrator who is a member of the Administrators group can set up a user with a Guest account on one or more computers.
When an administrator enables the Guest account, it is a best practice to create a strong password for this account. In addition, the administrator on the computer should also grant only limited rights and permissions for the Guest account. For security reasons, the Guest account should not be used over the network and made accessible to other computers.
When a computer is shutting down or starting up, it is possible that a guest user or anyone with local access could gain unauthorized access to the computer. To help prevent this risk, do not grant the Guest account the Shut down the system user right. In addition, the guest user in the Guest account should not be able to view the event logs.
After the Guest account is enabled, it is a best practice to monitor the Guest account frequently to ensure that other users cannot use services and other resources, such as resources that were unintentionally left available by a previous user.
The Windows Remote Assistance session can be used to connect from the server to another computer running the Windows operating system. For solicited remote assistance, a user initiates a Windows Remote Assistance session, and it is initiated by invitation.
For solicited remote assistance, a user sends an invitation from their computer, through e-mail or as a file, to a person who can provide assistance. The HelpAssistant account provides limited access to the computer to the person who provides assistance.
The HelpAssistant account is automatically deleted after there are no Remote Assistance requests are pending. This group includes all users who sign in to a server with Remote Desktop Services enabled. This group includes all users who sign in to the computer by using Remote Desktop Connection. This group is a subset of the Interactive group. For the Windows Server operating system, Remote Assistance is an optional component that is not installed by default.
You must install Remote Assistance before it can be used. In comparison, for the Windows client operating system, the HelpAssistant account is enabled on installation by default. For more information about remote desktop connections for those client operating systems designated in the Applies To list at the beginning of this topic, see Enable Remote Desktop. The system account and the Administrator account of the Administrators group have the same file rights and permissions, but they have different functions.
The system account is used by the operating system and by services that run under Windows. Once those two tasks were done, these events were logged in the Security log on the local server. Figure B shows the password event being logged. Figure B Click the image to enlarge.
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Active Directory User accounts and Computer accounts can represent a physical entity, such as a computer or person, or act as dedicated service accounts for some applications. Each default local account is automatically assigned to a security group that is preconfigured with the appropriate rights and permissions to perform specific tasks.
Active Directory security groups collect user accounts, computer accounts, and other groups into manageable units. For more information, see Active Directory Security Groups.
On an Active Directory domain controller, each default local account is referred to as a security principal. A security principal is a directory object that is used to secure and manage Active Directory services that provide access to domain controller resources. A security principal includes objects such as user accounts, computer accounts, security groups, or the threads or processes that run in the security context of a user or computer account. For more information, see Security Principals Technical Overview.
A security principal is represented by a unique security identifier SID. The SIDs that are related to each of the default local accounts in Active Directory are described in the sections below. Some of the default local accounts are protected by a background process that periodically checks and applies a specific security descriptor.
A security descriptor is a data structure that contains security information that is associated with a protected object. This process ensures that any successful unauthorized attempt to modify the security descriptor on one of the default local accounts or groups is overwritten with the protected settings. This security descriptor is present on the AdminSDHolder object. If you want to modify the permissions on one of the service administrator groups or on any of its member accounts, you must modify the security descriptor on the AdminSDHolder object to ensure that it is applied consistently.
Be careful when making these modifications, because you are also changing the default settings that are applied to all of your protected accounts. The Administrator account is a default account that is used in all versions of the Windows operating system on every computer and device.
The Administrator account is used by the system administrator for tasks that require administrative credentials. This account cannot be deleted or locked out, but the account can be renamed or disabled. The Administrator account gives the user complete access Full Control permissions of the files, directories, services, and other resources that are on that local server.
The Administrator account can be used to create local users, and assign user rights and access control permissions. Administrator can also be used to take control of local resources at any time simply by changing the user rights and permissions.
Although files and directories can be protected from the Administrator account temporarily, the Administrator account can take control of these resources at any time by changing the access permissions. The Administrator account has membership in the default security groups as described in the Administrator account attributes table later in this topic.
The security groups ensure that you can control administrator rights without having to change each Administrator account. In most instances, you do not have to change the basic settings for this account. However, you might have to change its advanced settings, such as membership in particular groups.
After installation of the server operating system, your first task is to set up the Administrator account properties securely. This includes setting up an especially long, strong password, and securing the Remote control and Remote Desktop Services profile settings.
The Administrator account can also be disabled when it is not required. Renaming or disabling the Administrator account makes it more difficult for malicious users to try to gain access to the account. However, even when the Administrator account is disabled, it can still be used to gain access to a domain controller by using safe mode.
On a domain controller, the Administrator account becomes the Domain Admin account. The Domain Admin account is used to sign in to the domain controller and this account requires a strong password. The Domain Admin account gives you access to domain resources. When the domain controller is initially installed, you can sign in and use Server Manager to set up a local Administrator account, with the rights and permissions you want to assign.
For example, you can use a local Administrator account to manage the operating system when you first install it. By using this approach, you can set up the operating system without getting locked out. Generally, you do not need to use the account after installation. You can only create local user accounts on the domain controller, before Active Directory Domain Services is installed, and not afterwards. When Active Directory is installed on the first domain controller in the domain, the Administrator account is created for Active Directory.
The Administrator account is the most powerful account in the domain. It is given domain-wide access and administrative rights to administer the computer and the domain, and it has the most extensive rights and permissions over the domain.
The person who installs Active Directory Domain Services on the computer creates the password for this account during the installation.
The Guest account is a default local account has limited access to the computer and is disabled by default. The Guest account cannot be deleted or disabled, and the account name cannot be changed. By default, the Guest account password is left blank. A blank password allows the Guest account to be accessed without requiring the user to enter a password.
The Guest account enables occasional or one-time users, who do not have an individual account on the computer, to sign in to the local server or domain with restricted rights and permissions.
The Guest account can be enabled, and the password can be set up if needed, but only by a member of the Administrator group on the domain. The Guest account has membership in the default security groups that are described in the following Guest account attributes table. By default, the Guest account is the only member of the default Guests group, which lets a user sign in to a server, and the Domain Guests global group, which lets a user sign in to a domain.
A member of the Administrators group or Domain Admins group can set up a user with a Guest account on one or more computers.
Because the Guest account can provide anonymous access, it is a security risk. It also has a well-known SID. For this reason, it is a best practice to leave the Guest account disabled, unless its use is required and then only with restricted rights and permissions for a very limited period of time. When the Guest account is required, an Administrator on the domain controller is required to enable the Guest account.
The Guest account can be enabled without requiring a password, or it can be enabled with a strong password. The Administrator also grants restricted rights and permissions for the Guest account.
To help prevent unauthorized access:. Do not grant the Guest account the Shut down the system user right. When a computer is shutting down or starting up, it is possible that a Guest user or anyone with local access, such as a malicious user, could gain unauthorized access to the computer. Do not provide the Guest account with the ability to view the event logs. After the Guest account is enabled, it is a best practice to monitor this account frequently to ensure that other users cannot use services and other resources, such as resources that were unintentionally left available by a previous user.
Do not use the Guest account when the server has external network access or access to other computers. If you decide to enable the Guest account, be sure to restrict its use and to change the password regularly.
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